What is sodium cyclamate?

What is sodium cyclamate?

 

Sodium cyclamate, chemical name is sodium cyclamate, is a common additive in food production. Sodium cyclamate is a common sweetener, its sweetness is 30 ~ 40 times of sucrose.

 

The molecular formula is c6h12nnao3s, and the molecular weight is 201.2. White crystal or white crystal powder, odorless, sweet, soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, insoluble in chloroform and ether. It decomposes slightly in acidic condition and is stable in alkaline condition. It is a non nutritive sweetener with bitter taste when the concentration is more than 0.4%. The median lethal dose of mice was 18 g / kg. According to FAO / who (1982), the allowable daily intake was 0-11 mg / kg.

 

In 1969, mice fed with saccharin sodium cyclamate were found to have bladder cancer, so in 1970, the use of saccharin sodium cyclamate was banned in the United States and Japan. In the follow-up study, no carcinogenic effect was found. 40% of the population were excreted by urine and 60% by feces. China's "Hygienic standard for the use of food additives" (GB 2760-2014) strictly limits the dosage of sodium cyclamate in food processing.

 

Features,

 

It belongs to non nutritive synthetic sweetener, and the price of sodium cyclamate is only one third of sucrose, so it is an ideal substitute for sucrose.

 

Out of the appearance, sodium cyclamate is white needle, flake crystal or crystalline powder, melting point is about 170 ℃. Sodium cyclamate 10% aqueous solution is neutral (pH = 6.5), stable to heat, light and air. Slightly bitter after heating. The decomposition temperature is about 280 ℃, and there is no Caramel reaction. Soluble in water (1g / 5ml) and propylene glycol (1g / 5ml), almost insoluble in ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.

 

The sweetness of sodium cyclamate is slow, but it lasts for a long time, and the sweetness is pure, so it can be used instead of or mixed with sucrose. Sodium cyclamate can also be mixed with saccharin to mask the bad taste of saccharin. When the ratio of sodium cyclamate to saccharin is 10 ∶ 1, the flavor effect of the product is better. The advantages of sodium cyclamate are better sweetness, lower post bitterness than saccharin, and lower cost; the disadvantages are low sweetness, large dosage, and easy to exceed the standard.

 

Manufacturing,

 

China is the main producer and exporter of sodium cyclamate, with an annual production capacity of 30000 tons and an annual output of about 18000 tons, mainly exported to Southeast Asia and Europe.

 

Applications,

 

More than 80 countries, including China and the European Union, allow the addition of sodium cyclamate in food, but there are also clear limits. Sodium cyclamate has become an important sugar substitute in food processing industry. The production cost of sodium cyclamate in China is far lower than that in foreign countries, so it has a great advantage in export. At present, China has become the world's largest producer and exporter of sodium cyclamate. The application of sodium cyclamate in China mainly involves medicine, cold drinks, beverages and other industries, and the market share of sodium cyclamate at home and abroad also shows a steady growth trend.