10 questions between Xylitol and erythritol

The topic of this issue is xylitol and erythritol. The comparison of the characteristics of xylitol and erythritol is a frequently discussed topic. Today, we will take the comparison of the two as the theme to explore their common doubts and answers in nature, efficacy, laws and regulations, side effects, etc.

Q1, Xylitol and erythritol, which is sweeter?

A: The relative sweetness of xylitol is almost the same as that of sucrose. The relative sweetness of erythritol is about 0.7DE, and the relative sweetness of xylitol is higher.

 

Q2. What are the other flavor characteristics besides sweetness?

A: Both xylitol and erythritol have a cool feeling, but the cooling effect of erythritol is better than that of xylitol. This is due to the highest heat of dissolution and absorption of erythritol, which is - 43 kcal / g and - 36.5 kcal / g for xylitol.

 

Q3. Which is better for diabetics to use, xylitol or erythritol?

A: The GI of erythritol is 0, xylitol is 13, the average GI of erythritol is 2, xylitol is 11, which is suitable for diabetes patients, but the effect of erythritol on blood glucose is less.

 

Q4. Can they be metabolized and absorbed by the body?

A: After erythritol enters the body, it can't be digested and degraded by any enzyme system, so it can only be filtered out of the blood through the kidney and discharged out of the body through the urine. Another 10% enters the large intestine and can hardly be used by bacteria.

Xylitol is metabolized by liver 80%, over 50% of xylitol is converted into glucose, about 45% of xylitol is oxidized, and a small part of xylitol is converted into lactic acid.

Q5. What is the energy coefficient of nutrition label?

A: In GB 28050-2011 Q & A, the energy coefficient of erythritol is 0 kJ / g and that of xylitol is 10 kJ / g. In fact, the energy coefficient of erythritol is about 1.7 kJ/g, and that of xylitol is 16.7 kJ/g.

 

Q6. Safety and tolerance?

A: The tolerance of erythritol is about twice that of xylitol. The tolerance of erythritol is about 0.68 g / kg for men, 0.8 g / kg for women, 0.3 g / kg for men and 0.3-0.5 g / kg for women.

 

Q7. What is the difference between the hygroscopicity of erythritol and xylitol?

A: The hygroscopicity of xylitol is higher than that of erythritol: erythritol will not absorb moisture at 90% of air humidity; the water absorption of xylitol at 86% of relative humidity (23 ℃, 2D) is about 7.64%.

 

Q8. What are the differences in the use of regulations in different countries?

A: In China, both xylitol and erythritol are food additives and can be used in all kinds of food on demand;

In other countries and organizations, FDA classified xylitol and erythritol as GRAS substances; JECFA approved xylitol as class a food additive with no ADI value.

 

Q9. Is there any side effect?

A: Too much xylitol will produce side effects such as abdominal distention, bowel sounds and diarrhea, while erythritol has higher tolerance, which is not easy to cause side effects such as gas production or mild diarrhea.

 

Q10. Can xylitol really kill dogs? Is erythritol at risk?

A: The dog's liver lacks the enzyme that can metabolize xylitol, and the dog loves sweet food. A large amount of xylitol will make the dog's insulin secretion suddenly increase, lead to the sudden drop of blood sugar, cause a series of uncomfortable reactions, and even cause death if the treatment is not timely. Three grams of xylitol can kill a 65 pound dog. There is no such risk of erythritol.

 

Q11. Where can we know about the two sweeteners and purchase them?

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